Diet & IBS
Eating certain foods and irregular eating habits may triggers exacerbations of IBS. Studies suggest that IBS may be associated with a higher consumption of canned food, processed meat, legumes (lentils, peas, chickpeas, beans, soybeans and peanuts), whole cereals, sweets, fruits and herbal tea.
Fried foods, components in fast food, cow’s milk, eggs, wheat, soy, nuts, citrus fruits, fish and chocolate, can interfere with intestinal contractions and result in constipation, diarrhea and flatulence. Certain food items rich in poorly absorbed short-chain carbohydrates (FODMAPs) and insoluble fibers may trigger IBS symptoms.
See Also:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome IBS – Diet Considerations
(mainly poorly absorbed short-chain carbohydrates). are thought to contribute to the symptoms of IBS and similar GI disorders. Therefore it is recommended to consider a trial of avoiding or reducing the amount of these foods if suffering from symptoms of IBS.
Foods to avoid or reduce in IBS
(High FODMAP Food)
Vegetables and Legumes
Garlic – avoid entirely if possible
Includes garlic salt, garlic powder
Onions – avoid entirely if possible
Including onion powder, pickled onions
Artichoke
Asparagus
Baked beans
Beetroot
Black beans
Black eyed peas
Broad beans
Butter beans
Cassava
Cauliflower
Celery – greater than 2″ of stalk
Cho cho
Choko
Falafel
Haricot beans
Kidney beans
Lima beans
Leek bulb
Mange Tout
Mixed vegetables
Mung beans
Mushrooms
Peas, sugar snap
Pickled vegetables
Red kidney beans
Sauerkraut (fermented cabbage)
Savoy Cabbage
Soy beans / soya beans
Split peas
Scallions / spring onions (bulb / white part)
Shallots
Taro
Fruit – fruits can contain high fructose
Apples
Apricots
Avocado
Blackberries
Boysenberry
Cherries
Currants
Custard apple
Dates
Feijoa
Figs
Goji berries
Grapefruit
Guava, unripe
Lychee
Mango
Nectarines
Paw paw, dried
Peaches
Pears
Persimmon
Pineapple, dried
Plums
Pomegranate
Prunes
Raisins
Sultanas
Tamarillo
Tinned fruit in apple / pear juice
Watermelon
Meats, Poultry and Meat Substitutes
Chorizo
Sausages
Processed meat – check ingredients
Cereals, Grains, Breads, Biscuits, Pasta, Nuts and Cakes
Wheat containing products such as (check labels):
Biscuits/cookies
Bread, wheat – over 1 slice
Breadcrumbs</sp an>
Cakes
Cereal bar, wheat based
Croissants
Crumpets
Egg noodles
Muffins
Pastries
Pasta, wheat over 1/2 cup cooked
Udon noodles
Wheat bran
Wheat cereals
Wheat flour
Wheat noodles
Wheat rolls
Wheatgerm
Almond meal
Amaranth flour
Barley including flour
Bran cereals
Bread:
Granary bread
Multigrain bread
Naan
Oatmeal bread
Pumpernickel bread
Roti
Sourdough with kamut
Cashews
Cous cous
Einkorn flour
Freekeh
Gnocchi
Granola bar
Muesli cereal
Muesli bar
Pistachios
Rye
Rye crispbread
Semolina
Spelt flour
Condiments, Dips, Sweets, Sweeteners and Spreads
Agave
Caviar dip
Fructose
Fruit bar
Gravy, if it contains onion
High fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
Hummus / houmous
Honey
Jam, mixed berries
Jam, strawberry, if contains HFCS
Pesto sauce
Quince paste
Relish / vegetable pickle
Stock cubes
Sugar free sweets containing polyols – usually ending in -ol or isomalt
Sweeteners:
Inulin
Isomalt
Maltitol
Mannitol
Sorbitol
Xylitol
Tahini paste
Tzatziki dip
Prebiotic Foods
The follow items may be hiding in yogurts, snack bars etc:
FOS – fructooligosaccharides
Inulin
Oligofructose
Drinks
Beer – if drinking more than one bottle
Coconut water
Cordial, apple and raspberry with 50-100% real juice
Cordial, orange with 25-50% real juice
Fruit and herbal teas with apple added
Fruit juices in large quantities
Fruit juices made of apple, pear, mango
Orange juice in quantities over 100ml
Rum
Sodas containing High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS)
Soy milk made with soy beans – commonly found in USA
Sports drinks
Tea:
Black tea with added soy milk
Chai tea, strong
Dandelion tea, strong
Fennel tea
Chamomile tea
Herbal tea, strong
Oolong tea
Wine – if drinking more than one glass
Dairy Foods
Buttermilk
Cheese, cream
Cheese, Halmoumi
Cheese, ricotta
Cream
Custard
Gelato
Ice cream
Kefir
Milk:
Cow milk
Goat milk
Evaporated milk
Sheep’s milk
Sour cream
Yogurt
Cooking ingredients< /p>
Carob powder
Foods likely safe foods in IBS
(Low FODMAP Foods)
If quantities are given these are the highest amount allowed
Vegetables and Legumes
Alfalfa
Bamboo shoots
Bean sprouts
Bok choy / pak choi
Broccoli – 1/2 cup
Brussel sprouts – 1 serving of 2 sprouts
Butternut squash – 1/4 cup
Cabbage, common and red up to 1 cup
Callaloo
Carrots
Celeriac
Celery – less than 5cm of stalk
Chicory leaves
Chick peas – 1/4 cup
Chilli – if tolerable
Chives
Cho cho
Choy sum
Collard greens
Corn / sweet corn – if tolerable and only in small amounts – 1/2 cob
Courgette
Cucumber
Eggplant / aubergine
Fennel
Green beans
Green pepper / green bell pepper / green capsicum
Ginger
Kale
Karela
Leek leaves
Lentils – in small amounts
Lettuce:
Butter lettuce
Iceberg lettuce
Radicchio lettuce
Red coral lettuce
Rocket lettuce
Marrow
Okra
Olives
Parsnip
Peas, snow – 5 pods
Pickled gherkins
Potato
Pumpkin
Pumpkin, canned – 1/4 cup, 2.2 oz
Radish
Red peppers / red bell pepper / red capsicum
Scallions / spring onions (green part)
Seaweed / nori
Silverbeet / chard
Spaghetti squash
Spinach, baby
Squash
Sun-dried tomatoes – 4 pieces
Swede
Swiss chard
Sweet potato – 1/2 cup
Tomato – canned, cherry, common, roma
Turnip
Water chestnuts
Yam
Zucchini
Fruit
Ackee
Bananas
Blueberries
Breadfruit
Carambola
Cantaloupe
Cranberry
Clementine
Dragon fruit
Grapes
Guava, ripe
Honeydew and Galia melons
Kiwifruit
Lemon including lemon juice
Lime including lime juice
Mandarin
Orange
Passion fruit
Paw paw
Papaya
Pineapple
Plantain, peeled
Raspberry
Rhubarb
Strawberry
Tamarind
Tangelo
Meats, Poultry and Meat Substitutes
Beef
Chicken
Kangaroo
Lamb
Pork
Prosciutto
Quorn, mince
Turkey
Cold cuts / deli meat / cold meats such as ham and turkey breast
Fish and Seafood
Canned tuna
Fresh fish e.g.
Cod
Haddock
Plaice
Salmon
Trout
Tuna
Seafood (ensuring nothing else is added) e.g.
Crab
Lobster
Mussels
Oysters
Prawns
Shrimp
Cereals, Grains, Breads, Biscuits, Pasta, Nuts and Cakes
Wheat free breads
Gluten free breads
Bread:
Corn bread
Oat bread
Rice bread
Spelt sourdough bread
Potato flour bread
Wheat free or gluten free pasta
Bread, wheat – 1 slice
Almonds – max of 15
Biscuit, savoury
Biscuit, shortbread – 1 only
Brazil nuts
Bulgur / bourghal – 1/4 cup cooked, 44g serving
Buckwheat
Buckwheat flour
Buckwheat noodles
Brown rice / whole grain rice
Chestnuts
Chips, plain / potato crisps, plain
Cornflour / maize
Crispbread
Corncakes
Cornflakes – 1/2 cup
Coconut – milk, cream, flesh
Corn tortillas, 3 tortillas
Crackers, plain
Hazelnuts – max of 15
Macadamia nuts
Millet
Mixed nuts
Oatmeal, 1/2 cup
Oats
Oatcakes
Peanuts
Pecans – max of 15
Pine nuts – max of 15
Polenta
Popcorn
Porridge and oat based cereals
Potato flour
Pretzels
Quinoa
Pasta, wheat – up to 1/2 cup cooked
Rice:
Basmati rice
Brown rice
Rice noodles
White rice
Rice bran
Rice cakes
Rice crackers
Rice flakes
Rice flour
Rice Krispies
Seeds:
Chia seeds
Egusi seeds
Poppy seeds
Pumpkin seeds
Sesame seeds
Sunflower seeds
Starch, maize, potato and tapioca
Sorghum
Tortilla chips / corn chips
Walnuts
Condiments, Dips, Sweets, Sweeteners and Spreads
Aspartame
Acesulfame K
Barbecue sauce
Capers in vinegar
Capers, salted
Chocolate:
Dark chocolate
Milk chocolate – 3 squares
White chocolate – 3 squares
Chutney, 1 tablespoon
Fish sauce
Garlic infused oil
Golden syrup
Glucose
Jam / jelly, strawberry
Ketchup (USA) – 1 sachet
Maple syrup
Marmalade
Marmite
Mayonnaise – ensuring no garlic or onion in ingredients
Miso paste
Mustard
Oyster sauce
Pesto sauce – less than 1 tbsp
Peanut butter
Rice malt syrup
Saccharine
Shrimp paste
Soy sauce
Stevia
Sweet and sour sauce
Sucralose
Sugar – also called sucrose
Tamarind paste
Tomato sauce (outside USA) – 2 sachets, 13g
Vegemite
Vinegars:
Apple cider vinegar, 2 tbsp
Balsamic vinegar, 2 tbsp
Rice wine vinegar
Wasabi
Worcestershire sauce
Drinks
Alcohol – is an irritant to the gut, limited intake advised:
Beer – limited to one drink
Clear spirits such as Vodka
Gin
Whiskey
Wine – limited to one drink
Coffee:
Espresso coffee, regular or decaffeinated, black
Espresso coffee, regular or decaffeinated, with up to 250ml lactose free milk
Instant coffee, regular or decaffeinated, black
Instant coffee, regular or decaffeinated, with up to 250ml lactose free milk
Drinking chocolate powder
Espresso, regular, black
Fruit juice, 125ml and safe fruits only
Lemonade – in low quantities
Malted chocolate powder e.g. Milo, Horlicks – 3 tsp
Protein supplement
Soya milk made with soy protein
Sugar free fizzy drinks / soft drinks / soda – such as diet coke, in low quantities as aspartame and acesulfame k can be irritants
‘Sugar’ fizzy drinks / soft drinks / soda that do no contain HFCS such as lemonade, cola. Limit intake due to these drinks being generally unhealthy and can cause gut irritation
Tea:
Black tea, weak e.g. PG Tips
Chai tea, weak
Fruit and herbal tea, weak – ensure no apple added
Green tea
Peppermint tea
White tea
Water
Dairy Foods and Eggs
Butter
Cheese:
Brie
Camembert
Cheddar
Cottage
Feta
Goat / chevre
Mozzarella
Parmesan
Ricotta – 2 tablespoons
Swiss
Dairy free chocolate pudding
Eggs
Margarine
Milk:
Almond milk
Hemp milk
Lactose free milk
Oat milk – 30 ml, enough for cereal
Rice milk – upto 200ml per sitting
Sorbet
Soy protein (avoid soya beans)
Swiss cheese
Tempeh
Tofu – drained and firm varieties
Whipped cream
Yoghurt, lactose free
Yogurt, Greek, in small amounts
Yogurt, goats
Cooking ingredients, Herbs and Spices
Herbs: Basil, Cilantro, Coriander, Curry leaves, Fenugreek, Gotukala, Lemongrass, Mint, Oregano, Pandan, Parsley, Rampa, Rosemary, Tarragon, Thyme
Spices: All spice, Black pepper, Cardamon, Chilli powder, Cinnamon, Cloves, Cumin, Curry powder, Fennel seeds, Five spice, Goraka, Mustard seeds, Nutmeg, Paprika, Saffron, Star anise, Turmeric
Oils: avocado oil, canola oil, coconut oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, vegetable oil
Asafoetida powder – great onion substitute
Baking powder
Baking soda
Cacao powder
Cocoa powder
Cream, 1/2 cup
Gelatine
Ghee
Icing sugar
Lard
Salt
References
IBS – Overviews
- abdominal-pain-in-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-review-of-putative-psychological-neural-and-neuro-immune-mechanisms-pubmed-ncbi
- potential-causes-and-present-pharmacotherapy-of-irritable-bowel-syndrome-ibs-an-overview-2015
IBS – Treatment: Conventional
IBS – Treatment: CAM
IBS – Visceral Hypersensitivity
- irritable-bowel-syndrome-and-visceral-hypersensitivity%e2%80%88-risk-factors-and-pathophysiological-mechanisms-pubmed-ncbi
- the-role-of-visceral-hypersensitivity-in-irritable-bowel-syndrome-pharmacological-targets-and-novel-treatments-2016
- herbal-medicines-for-the-management-of-irritable-bowel-syndrome-a-comprehensive-review-2012
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