LA Marijuana Products:

Vape Pipes, Cartridges & Vaporizers

There are several marijuana-based products designed to be “vaped,” or inhaled. In Louisiana there are two marijuana product manufacturers of vape products, Wellcana (now Good Day Farm) and Ilera. The cartridges and vaporizers (pens) are different, each with their pros & cons. It should not be forgotten that marijuana flower can also be vaped using vape pens, as a preferred alternative to smoking marijuana flower.

 

Links to other pertinent educational pages:

 

LA Marijuana Products:

 

Marijuana Pharmacies/Dispensaries in Louisiana:

Marijuana Pharmacies

 

 

The medical information on this site is provided as a resource for information only, and is not to be used or relied upon for any diagnostic or treatment purposes and is not intended to create any patient-physician relationship.  Readers are advised to seek professional medical guidance regarding the diagnosis and treatment of their medical concerns.

 

 

Key to Links:

  • Grey text – handout
  • Red text – another page on this website
  • Blue text – Journal publication

 

Vape Products for Inhalation

There are several marijuana-based products specifically designed to be “vaped,” or inhaled. Some are provided in pre-filled cartridges, others products need to be injected into cartridges by the user to be inhaled with the use of a vape pen. Additionally, marijuana flowers, or buds, can also be vaped using a special vape pipe as a preferred alternative to smoking marijuana flower.

For more information about different e-cigarette and vaping devices:

CDC Guide e-cigarette & vaping products

 

A look at the differences, pros and cons of smoking vs. vaping marijuana can be explored here.

 

The advantage of vaping versus use of an oral tincture is that vaping provides near immediate entry into the blood stream with rapid therapeutic effects. With vaping, unlike smoking cannabis bud, very little of the product (~5%) dissipates or is exhaled so the use of a vape product does not expose others to significant second hand aerosol. Once again the providers of these products do not describe their specific constituents or their concentrations. In order to at least predict the likely constituents in an effort to gain insight as to the products potential benefits and side effects, data obtained from popular web sites dedicated to informing the public about the different marijuana strains and their reported effects is presented here. These websites include:

  1. www.leafly.com
  2. www.IndustrialHempFarms.com

 

As of this writing there is little definitive evidence of specific benefits for these products and one must rely on anecdotal reports. These products consist of extracts from specific marijuana strains that are expected to have native cannabinoids and terpenes specific to those known to be associated with their specific strains. Some of these products also include the addition of proprietary terpene blends.

 

THIS PAGE IS OUTDATED AND IN PROCESS OF UPDATING

PLEASE RETURN SOON

Cannabis Vape Devices

Dry Herb Vaporizers (oven-style vaporizers for marijuana flowers and buds)

Vaporizers designed for use with loose marijuana flower have a small “oven” chamber that allows for loading up to 0.3 gms (300mg) of flower to be vaped. The vaporizer heats the flower up to the desired temperature that allow for the selected cannabinoids and/or terpenes to vaporize, or boil off, and be inhaled.

To get the most benefit out of using a proper vaporizer, one can set temperatures to selectively vaporize the different constituents in a flower based on one’s desired therapeutic goals. Different constituents vaporize at different temperatures and, since some constituents provide specific therapeutic benefits, setting the vape pipe at a specific temperature can assure the vaporization of a desired constituent and avoid the vaporization of an undesired constituent.

For example,  a flower may have two dominant terpenes, β-caryophyllene (very effective for pain) and myrcene (very effective for sleep). However, if one vapes this flower at a high temperature during the daytime to relieve pain, the myrcene component may cause undesired sedation or sleepiness. By setting the vape pipe temperature above the vaporization point (VP) of β-Caryophyllene(VP: 266•F; 130°C) but below the VP of Myrcene (VP: 334°F; 167°C), one can gain the benefit of pain relief but avoid the side effect of sleepiness. At night time, when seeking pain relief and sleep, one can set the pipe temperature above the myrcene VP and enjoy both benefits the two terpenes offer. To do so, however, one must set a precise temperature, not just a low, medium or high temperature option.

There are multiple brands and models available in vape shops and LA marijuana pharmacies. Selecting a specific brand and model is left to the reader but it is important to choose a device that allows for precise temperature settings, otherwise one of the main benefits of using a vaporizer is lost, which is to personally modify the vape experience based on the flower’s constituents.

One vape pipe recommended by some is the Yocan Vane Portable Vaporizer, a model found on the internet for sale in the range of  $29.99 to $59.99. While this particular pipe is not being intentionally   promoted, it offers an example of what is commercially available that offers precise temperature settings.

 

Cartridge-style Vaporizers

Currently there are 2 types of cartridge-style vaporizers offered in LA dispensaries, the “classic” 510 thread battery and the pod style battery.

  1. The 510 thread battery accepts multidose cartridges, pre-filled or manually filled, that screw onto the battery. The battery serves to heat the liquid marijuana distillate product in order to vaporize it so it can be inhaled. There are several pre-filled cartridges available in LA, listed below. The RSO products require manually filling a cartridge prior to screwing it onto the battery. While currently only the Blinc PuffStik 510 thread battery is sold in the LA marijuana pharmacies, there are many commercial 510 thread batteries available elsewhere.
  2. The pod style vaporizer is a proprietary Ilera product which requires specific pod cartridges to be used with an Ilera pod vaporizer. The pod system offers advanced features described below.

 

Cartridges and Pods

Individual cartridges currently available with marijuana-based products can be either pre-filled or manually filled and they come in designed for either use in a 510 thread battery or a pod system. In LA there are multiple distillates made from different strains, each offering their unique therapeutic benefits. See below for in-depth descriptions of each available product.

 

Products requiring manual filling of cartridges available for the 510 thread battery:

    1. Jenny Kush RSO (710 mg THC per 1cc syringe)
    2. Grease Monkey RSO (710 mg THC per 1cc syringe)
    3. Bruce Banner RSO (710mg THC and 20mg CBD per 1cc syringe)
    4. Lilac Diesel RSO (710mg THC per 1cc syringe)
    5. Alien Rock Candy RSO (760mg THC per 1cc syringe)

 

Pod- style cartridges for use with the pod system (Pax Era):

    1. Freedom with Harlequine Terpene Blend (205 mg THC / 205 mg CBD
    2. THC with Super Soul Diesel Terpene Blend (430 mg THC) Sativa
    3. GrandDaddy Purple (435 mg THC) Indica
    4. Mimosa Strain (435 mg THC) Hybrid
    5. Blue Dream (435 mg THC) Sativa-Dominant Hybrid

 

 

 

Vaporizers

Wellcana Vaporizers vs. Ilera Vaporizers

The cartridges for the Ilera device plug directly into the device whereas the Wellcana cartridges must be poured into the device – it can be a little challenging to pour the liquid into the Wellcana device.

The Wellcana device is simple with no advanced features, just inhale. The Ilera device has more advanced features, such as the ability to control their device with their smartphone, lock the device, control the amount of product used, or set a vaporization temperature.  Setting the vape temperature is a clever way to modulate your cannabis product to match your individual needs when these needs may vary from one time of day to another. This may apply when a more sedating effect is desired at bedtime but avoided in the daytime (See: “Vaping Temperatures,” below).

 

 

\(1) 510 Thread Vaporizers (for use with metered dose inhaler cartridges):

    1. Blinc PuffStik

The Blinc PuffStik is a classic stick 510 thread battery that comes in in 2 sizes: the Puffstik L which is larger with a 380mAh battery and the slimmer Puffstik S with a 310mAh battery. Both have a Micro-USB charging port and come with a charging cable.

Products intended to be vaped are provided in cartridges that are connected to a mouth piece and a stick battery base. The cartridges are pre-filled except for the RSO cartridges which are smaller and must be filled by the consumer. The Blinc PuffStik battery has a button that is used to set the dose of the vape: one click provides a low dose accompanied by a blue light, two clicks provides a medium dose accompanied by a green light and a third click provides a large dose accompanied by a red light. It might be helpful to think of the color as coordinating with the heat applied to the product. The blue light is cool and does not vaporize as much product and the red is hot, vaporizing the most product, with the green in the middle.

Blink Puffstik User Guide

Blinc website –  cartridges

Blinc website – Puffstiks

See image of Blinc PuffStik assembled:

See image of Blinc PuffStik dis-assembled:

 

 (2) Pod Vaporizers (for use with pod cartridges):

    1. Pax Era  (Ilera) – Not available at LA cannabis dispensaries
    2. Pax Era Pro (Ilera)

The Pax Era (Ilera)

See: Pax Era Pro User Guide

The Pax Era is a compact, portable vaporizer which utilizes pre-filled pods (specialized cartridges) to deliver cannabis products to the consumer. The unit is constructed from aluminum designed to evenly distribute the heat generated by the battery to vaporize the product and it comes with a charger that can fully charge the unit from dead in about 45 minutes using a Micro-USB port. The Pax Era is not available at LA cannabis dispensaries but can be purchased at other sources.

 

 

While the Pax Era is simple to use, it offers advanced features that includes four temperature settings, with the hotter temperatures providing a larger bolus of product.  The sleek exterior of the device has no buttons or controls; the LED indicator on the front communicates device status. One controls the Pax Era by shaking or tapping it to perform functions such as to change the temperature setting or to view remaining battery life. It also offers an instantaneous heat-up time when you draw on the mouthpiece.

 

The Pax Era pairs via bluetooth with the Pax mobile app on a smartphone where one can set the temperature to a precise degree. There is also a “Session Usage” function, which allows one to measure the length of the vape sessions and gauge how much material has been consumed. With Session Control, one selects a size, and once one reaches the limit of their selected session size, the Pax Era powers off for 30 seconds. To override Session Control, one can remove the pod and reinsert it to reset the device and begin a “new” session. The Pax mobile app can also be used to lock the device to prevent misuse.

 

Additionally, the Pax mobile app offers the “PAXSmart Experience” with use of the PodID™ which povides access to information, including pod ingredients, strain and potency information along with state-regulated test results specific for the pod.

See: sample pod test result

 

The Pax Era Pro (Ilera)

Like the Pax Era, the Pax Era Pro is a sophisticated device that delivers marijuana aerosols with temperature control as well as having lockout capabilities with the use of the PAX App, available on iPhone and Android. What is different between the Era and the Era Pro is that  the Era Pro has the ability to finely control the temperature and thus the dose beyond the limited four temperature settings on the Pax Era. Additionally, the Era Pro allows for Pod memory in which the Pod can “remember” the vaping temperature setting previously saved. Also, The Era Pro recharges through USB-C, not a micro USB, and has a 14% larger battery capacity than the Pax Era.

See: sample pod test result

 

The PAX Pods

Pax’s “SimpleClick” pods are designed specifically for use with the Pax Era vaporizers. The pods come pre-filled with concentrated cannabis oil from one of the brand’s many extract partners and there are currently more than 250 different types of cannabis oil available in Pax Era pods, althought only a few are available in LA.

 

After putting in a cartridge (or pod), into the Pax Era or the Pax Era Pro, via bluetooth the smartphone companion app displays information generally unavailable to the average user. The Era Pro uses proprietary cartridges embedded with an NFC tag. Pax calls this system “PodID,” and the tags are unique to each cartridge. Once the pod is inserted into the vape, using the Pax smartphone app, users can access detailed information, including oil content, strain information and potency (including the Certificate of Analysis), flavor profiles, producer information and state-regulated test results. The pod can be set at a recommended temperature setting which determines the amount/dose of the product released when inhaled and this can be adjusted by the user.

 

How Long a Pod Lasts

Each Pax Era pod contains .5g of cannabis oil. Depending on the size of one’s puffs, a pod can provide 300 to 500 puffs. However, how long a Pax Era pod lasts is different from person to person and depends on three variables:

1. Puff size: The strength and length of the inhalation puff will also influence how much material is vaporized. Because the Pax Era heats up as one draws on the device, longer draws maintain a higher temperature for longer and uses more cannabis oil with each puff.

2. Temperature setting: More material is used on higher temperature settings because higher temperatures increase the amount of material vaporized. Lowering the temperature setting conserves cannabis oil during a session.

3. Session length: Longer sessions generally use more material. The more you puff on your Pax Era, the more cannabis oil will be vaporized. Shorter sessions are more likely to conserve material.

 

 

Ilera Pod Cannabis Products

At this time in LA, the pod system is available only with the Ilera products listed below:

    1. Freedom with Harlequine Terpene Blend (205 mg THC / 205 mg CBD
    2. THC with Super Soul Diesel Terpene Blend (430 mg THC) Sativa
    3. GrandDaddy Purple (435 mg THC) Indica
    4. Mimosa Strain (435 mg THC) Hybrid
    5. Blue Dream (435 mg THC) Sativa-Dominant Hybrid

 

(3) All-in-One Multidose Inhalers – NO LONGER AVAILABLE

The All-in-One Multidose Inhalers come in two strains:  Bruce Banner and Jenny Kush.  There are approximately 350 mg of THC in each inhaler, but the Jenny Kush has a small amount of CBD. Both of these strains are hybrids of sativa and indica suggesting they will be less sedating than a straight indica but more relaxing than a straight sativa. However, the distinction between sativa and indica has grown more and more strained and unreliable due to the huge degree of genetic breeding modifications amongst available strains.

 

One can adjust the puff dose in 0.5 mg increments up to a total dose of 2 mg each puff.  Because the device is “all-in-one,” it cannot be refilled once it’s empty. The battery lasts for approximately 150-200 uses.

 

Vaping Temperatures

Vaporizers should provide the option of setting a vape temperature. The reason for this is that different cannabinoids and terpenes vaporize at different temperatures. If the flower is not heated to a temperature sufficient to vaporize the particular constituents in the flower, these constituents won’t be able to be inhaled and their benefits will be lost.

When considering the purchase of a vaporizer for use with flower (dry flower vaporizer) be careful to assess the ability of the vaporizer to set specific temperatures rather than simply providing a few vague settings such as low, medium and high temperatures. For example, the G Pen Dash available at one or more of the LA cannabis dispensaries, has a heating chamber with just three temperature settings: (375F/190C, 401F/205C, and 428F/220C). Not only does it lack specific settings, the settings it does offer defeats the whole purpose of offering settings since the lowest setting of 375 F does not allow for targeting specific terpenes given that terpenes vaporize at temperatures from 150• – 390• F.

 

Lower Temperatures

In general, cannabinoids vaporize at temperatures from 315• – 430• F (157• – 220• C)  while terpenes vaporize at temperatures from 150• – 390• F (66• – 198• C). While it may be best to set the temperature as low as possible to avoid irritation of the airways, the temperature should be set 10• – 15• F) above the vaporizing point (VP), or boiling point, of the desired constituent with the highest VP. With each flower listed below, the minimum VP is identified based on the terpene profile (when known).

One can also modify the effects of vaping flower by adjusting the temperature directed at modulating the THC which vaporizes at 315•F. By vaping at, or just above this temperature, less THC will be released allowing for a more subtle effect compared with higher settings which will create a greater burst of vaporized THC. And, depending on the terpene profile of the strain, one can also modify the experience by modulating the terpene vaaporization.

For example, the terpene pinene (which promotes alertness) is vaporized at 311• F, so keeping the temperature around 315• – 320• allows for a more subtle THC experience with the addition of the uplifting pinene effects, while at the same time by keeping the temperature below 330• F it will avoid the sedating effects of any myrcene present since it needs 330• F to vaporize. 

One should be aware that β-caryophyllene, arguably the most important terpene for pain benefits, vaporizes at a significantly lower temperature (266• F) and would therefore be available at the temperatures discussed above. 

 

Higher Temperatures

Some cannabinoids have higher vaporization temperatures, including cannabichromene (CBC – 428• F), cannabinol (CBN – 365• F) and THCV (428• F). Of note, CBD doesn’t have a clear set VP, it is more of a vaporization range from 320-356• F (160-180°C), slightly higher than THC.

Therefore, to be certain to get the benefit of the full complement of cannabinoids and a more rapid vaporization of THC and CBD for the strongest impact, higher vaporizing temperatures should be used (430-450• F).

The minimum vaporizing temperatures listed with each flower is the temperature at which all significant constitutent cannabinoids and terpenes will vaporize.

 

Vape products currently available in LA:

  1. Freedom with Harlequine Terpene Blend  (205 mg THC / 205 mg CBD
  2. THC with Super Soul Diesel Terpene Blend (430 mg THC) Sativa
  3. GrandDaddy Purple (435 mg THC) Indica
  4. Mimosa Strain (435 mg THC) Hybrid
  5. Blue Dream (435 mg THC) Sativa-Dominant Hybrid
  6. Jenny Kush RSO (710 mg THC)
  7. Grease Monkey RSO (710 mg THC)
  8. Bruce Banner RSO (710 mg THC & 20 mg CBD)
  9. Lilac Diesel (710 mg THC)
  10. Alien Rock Candy RSO (760 mg THC)

 

 

 

Resources:

National Academy of Sciences

The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research

 

These lay-person websites appear to be good resources for exploring medical marijuana:

  1. www.GreenCamp.com
  2. www.Healer.com
  3. www.MedicalJane.com
  4. www.ProjectCBD.org
  5. analytical360.com
  6. www.leafly.com

 

 

References:

Epidiolex (cannabidiol)

  1. FDA approves CBD drug – Epidiolex – The Washington Post

 

Marinol (dronabinol)

  1. Marinol – dronabinol

 

 Marijuana – Sativs vs Indica

  1. The Cannabinoid Content of Legal Cannabis in Washington State Varies Systematically Across Testing Facilities and Popular Consumer Products – 2018

 

Medical Marijuana – Federal Law

  1. The legal status of cannabis (marijuana) and cannabidiol (CBD) under U.S. law – 2017

 

 

Medical Marijuana – Dosing

  1. Practical considerations in medical cannabis administration and dosing – 2018
  2. Measuring cannabis consumption – Psychometric properties of the Daily Sessions, Frequency, Age of Onset, and Quantity of Cannabis Use Inventory (DFAQ-CU) – 2017
  3. Quantifying Cannabis – A Field Study of Marijuana Quantity Estimation – 2018
  4. Bayesian inference for the distribution of grams of marijuana in a joint. – PubMed – NCBI – 2016
  5. Delphi Consensus – recommendations on dosing and administration of medical cannabis to treat chronic pain – results of a modified Delphi process – 2021
  6. Delphi Consensus – A cannabis oracle? Delphi method not a substitute for randomized controlled trials of cannabinoids as therapeutics – 2021
  7. Delphi Consensus – Clinical experience and COI disclosures
  8. Delphi Consensus – Dosing and Administration of Medical Cannabis- Physician Survey
  9. Delphi Consensus – Virtual Voting Round 2 Results Delphi Consensus – Voting Round 1 Results
  10. Consensus‐based recommendations for titrating cannabinoids and tapering opioids for chronic pain control – 2021

 

Medical Marijuana – Louisiana Law

  1. Louisiana-2016-SB180-Chaptered
  2. HOUSE BILL NO. 225 – 2017 Regular Session
  3. Louisiana medical marijuana expansion bill signed into law – May 20, 2016
  4. Now in Effect, Louisiana Medical Marijuana Law Shields Patients and Caregivers from Prosecution – Aug 5, 2016
  5. Louisiana-2016-SB180-Chaptered

 

Cannabidiol (CBD)- Overviews

  1. CANNABIDIOL (CBD) Pre-Review Report WHO 2017
  2. Cannabidiol – State of the art and new challenges for therapeutic applications. – 2017 PubMed – NCBI

 

CBD – Anxiety

  1. Overlapping Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Relapse to Opioid Use Disorder and Chronic Pain – Clinical Implications – 2016
  2. Cannabidiol Modulates Fear Memory Formation Through Interactions with Serotonergic Transmission in the Mesolimbic System – 2016
  3. Cannabidiol regulation of emotion and emotional memory processing: relevance for treating anxiety-related and substance abuse disorders. – PubMed – NCBI
  4. Review of the neurological benefits of phytocannabinoids – 2018
  5. Plastic and Neuroprotective Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Effects of Cannabidiol in Psychiatric Disorders – 2017
  6. Neural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report. – PubMed – NCBI
  7. Evidences for the Anti-panic Actions of Cannabidiol – 2017
  8. Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an anxiolytic drug – 2012
  9. Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients – 2011

 

CBD – Interaction with THC

  1. Cannabidiol: a promising drug for neurodegenerative disorders? – PubMed – NCBI
  2. Oral Cannabidiol does not Alter the Subjective, Reinforcing or Cardiovascular Effects of Smoked Cannabis – 2015
  3. Taming THC – potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects – 2011
  4. A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. – PubMed – NCBI

 

 

CBD – Metabolites

  1. Human Metabolites of Cannabidiol – A Review on Their Formation, Biological Activity, and Relevance in Therapy – 2016

 

CBD – Drug-Metabolic Interactions

  1. Cannabidiol, a Major Phytocannabinoid, As a Potent Atypical Inhibitor for CYP2D6 – 2011
  2. The Effect of CYP2D6 Drug-Drug Interactions on Hydrocodone Effectiveness – 2014 
  3. Characterization of P-glycoprotein Inhibition by Major Cannabinoids from Marijuana – 2006

 

Medical Marijuana – Prescribing Guidelines

  1. Simplified guideline for prescribing medical cannabinoids in primary care – Canadian Family Physician – 2018
  2. Physician Recommendation of Medical Cannabis Guidelines Calif Medical Assoc – 2011
  3. Prescribing smoked cannabis for chronic noncancer pain. Preliminary recommendations – Canadian Family Physician – 2014

 

 

Medical Marijuana – Opioids

  1. Use-of-Prescription-Pain-Medications-Among-Medical-Cannabis-Patients
  2. It is premature to expand access to medicinal cannabis in hopes of solving the US opioid crisis – 2018
  3. Patterns of medicinal cannabis use, strain analysis, and substitution effect among patients with migraine, headache, arthritis, and chronic pain in a medicinal cannabis cohort – 2018
  4. Patterns and correlates of medical cannabis use for pain among patients prescribed long-term opioid therapy. – PubMed – NCBI
  5. Associations between medical cannabis and prescription opioid use in chronic pain patients – A preliminary cohort study – 2017
  6. The prevalence and significance of cannabis use in patients prescribed chronic opioid therapy: a review of the extant literature. – PubMed – NCBI
  7. The use of cannabis in response to the opioid crisis: A review of the literature. – PubMed – NCBI
  8. Medical Cannabis Laws and Opioid Analgesic Overdose Mortality in the United States, 1999–2010 – 2014
  9. Rationale for cannabis-based interventions in the opioid overdose crisis – 2017
  10. Cannabis and the Opioid Crisis – 2018
  11. Impact of co-administration of oxycodone and smoked cannabis on analgesia and abuse liability. – PubMed – NCBI
  12. Cannabinoid–Opioid Interaction in Chronic Pain
  13. Synergistic interactions between cannabinoid and opioid analgesics. – PubMed – NCBI
  14. FDA approves CBD drug – Epidiolex – The Washington Post

 

Medical Marijuana, Chronic Pain – Cannabinoids & Palmitoylethanolamide

  1. Therapeutic utility of palmitoylethanolamide in the treatment of neuropathic pain associated with various pathological conditions – a case series – 2012
  2. Palmitoylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid, is an orally effective intestinal anti-inflammatory agent – 2013
  3. Cannabinoid-based drugs targeting CB1 and TRPV1, the sympathetic nervous system, and arthritis – 2015
  4. Fatty acid amide hydrolase: biochemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutic possibilities for an enzyme hydrolyzing anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol,… – PubMed – NCBI 2001
  5. Endocannabinoid-related compounds in gastrointestinal diseases – 2018
  6. ‘Entourage’ effects of N-palmitoylethanolamide and N-oleoylethanolamide on vasorelaxation to anandamide occur through TRPV1 receptors – 2008
  7. Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids- An Option for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Ca
    ncer of the Colon? – 2018
  8. Effects of homologues and analogues of palmitoylethanolamide upon the inactivation of the endocannabinoid anandamide – 2001
  9. Phytocannabinoids beyond the Cannabis plant – do they exist? – 2010
  10. Palmitoylethanolamide, endocannabinoids and related cannabimimetic compounds in protection against tissue inflammation and pain: potential use in c… – PubMed – NCBI
  11. Cannabinoids as pharmacotherapies for neuropathic pain – from the bench to the bedside. – 2009
  12. Correction – Effect of a new formulation of micronized and ultramicronized N-palmitoylethanolamine in a tibia fracture mouse model of complex regional pain syndrome – 2018
  13. Palmitoylethanolamide induces microglia changes associated with increased migration and phagocytic activity – involvement of the CB2 receptor – 2017
  14. Mast cells, glia and neuroinflammation – partners in crime? – 2013
  15. A Pharmacological Rationale to Reduce the Incidence of Opioid Induced Tolerance and Hyperalgesia – A Review – 2018

 

Medical Marijuana –Misc

  1. A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. – PubMed – NCBI
  2. Cannabis and cannabis extracts – greater than the sum of their parts? – 2001
  3. Medical cannabis and mental health: A guided systematic review. 2016 – PubMed – NCBI
  4. Epidemiological characteristics, safety and efficacy of medical cannabis in the elderly. – PubMed – NCBI
  5. Cannabis-conclusions – 2017 National Academy of Sciences
  6. Cannabis-chapter-highlights – 2017 National Academy of Sciences
  7. Cannabis-report-highlights – 2017 National Academy of Sciences
  8. Clinical Endocannabinoid Deficiency (CECD): Can this Concept Explain Therapeutic Bene ts of Cannabis in Migraine, Fibromyalgia, Irritable Bowel Syndrome and other Treatment-Resistant Conditions?-2004
  9. Marijuana use and the risk of lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers: results of a population-based case-control study. – PubMed – NCBI
  10. Cannabis use and cognitive function: 8-year trajectory in a young adult cohort. – PubMed – NCBI
  11. Cannabinoids for Medical Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. – PubMed – NCBI
  12. Cannabinoids and Cytochrome P450 Interactions. – PubMed – NCBI Pharmacogenetics of Cannabinoids – 2018
  13. Systematic review of systematic reviews for medical cannabinoids – 2018
  14. Adverse effects of medical cannabinoids – a systematic review – 2008
  15. Cannabimimetic effects modulated by cholinergic compounds. – PubMed – NCBI
  16. Antagonism of marihuana effects by indomethacin in humans. – PubMed – NCBI
  17. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids. – PubMed – NCBI
  18. Clinical Pharmacodynamics of Cannabinoids – 2004
  19. Affinity and Efficacy Studies of Te
    trahydrocannabinolic Acid A at Cannabinoid Receptor Types One and Two. – 2017
  20. Quality Control of Traditional Cannabis Tinctures – Pattern, Markers, and Stability – 2016
  21. Exogenous cannabinoids as substrates, inhibitors, and inducers of human drug metabolizing enzymes: a systematic review. – PubMed – NCBI
  22. Pharmacology of Cannabinoids
  23. Current-status-and-future-of-cannabis-research-Clin-Researcher-2015
  24. Medical Marijuana for Treatment of Chronic Pain and Other Medical and Psychiatric Problems – A Clinical Review – 2015

 

Medical Marijuana – Products

Medical Marijuana – Product Evaluation

  1. The Cannabinoid Content of Legal Cannabis in Washington State Varies Systematically Across Testing Facilities and Popular Consumer Products – 2018
  2. Quality Control of Traditional Cannabis Tinctures – Pattern, Markers, and Stability – 2016

 

Medical Marijuana – Flower/Bud Products

Wellcana (Good Day Farm):

  1. Grease Monkey Flyer
  2. Lilac Diesel Flyer

 

Medical Marijuana – Topical Products

  1. Soothe Flyer
  2. Breathe Flyer

 

 

Emphasis on Education

 

Accurate Clinic promotes patient education as the foundation of it’s medical care. In Dr. Ehlenberger’s integrative approach to patient care, including conventional and complementary and alternative medical (CAM) treatments, he may encourage or provide advice about the use of supplements. However, the specifics of choice of supplement, dosing and duration of treatment should be individualized through discussion with Dr. Ehlenberger. The following information and reference articles are presented to provide the reader with some of the latest research to facilitate evidence-based, informed decisions regarding the use of conventional as well as CAM treatments.

 

For medical-legal reasons, access to these links is limited to patients enrolled in an Accurate Clinic medical program.

 

Should you wish more information regarding any of the subjects listed – or not listed –  here, please contact Dr. Ehlenberger. He has literally thousands of published articles to share on hundreds of topics associated with pain management, weight loss, nutrition, addiction recovery and emergency medicine. It would take years for you to read them, as it did him.

 

For more information, please contact Accurate Clinic.

 

Supplements recommended by Dr. Ehlenberger may be purchased commercially online or at Accurate Clinic.

Please read about our statement regarding the sale of products recommended by Dr. Ehlenberger.

Accurate Supplement Prices

 

 

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